Descriptive Text

Pengertian Descriptive Text

Descriptive Text adalah salah satu jenis text dalam Bahasa Inggris yang menggambarkan dengan jelas sifat-sifat yang melekat pada sesuatu, baik itu manusia, hewan, tumbuhan mau pun benda mati. Tujuan dari teks ini adalah memberikan informasi dengan jelas mengenai objek yang digambarkan kepada pembaca.

Ciri-ciri Descriptive Text

• Menggunakan Simple Present Tense

Teks ini menggunakan Simple Present Tense karena kita akan mendiskripsikan fakta-fakta yang melekat pada suatu objek, dan salah fungsi dari Simple Present Tense sendiri adalah untuk menunjukkan suatu fakta atau kebenaran.

Misalkan kamu ingin mendeskripsikan mengenai tempat tidur kamu, kamu bisa menggunakan kalimat:

The color of my bedroom is blue.

• Menggunakan banyak kata sifat (adjective).
• Menggunakan kata kerja penghubung (Relating verb)

Karena fungsi dari teks ini adalah untuk memberikan informasi dengan menggambarkan suatu objek yang dideskripsikan, maka dalam Descriptive Text akan banyak dijumpai kata sifat (adjective). Contohnya adalah big, small, colorful, dan lain sebagainya.

Relating verb adalah kata kerja yang memberikan penjelasan kepada kata benda yang menjadi subjek dari suatu kalimat. Contohnya: is, have, seem, appear, dan kata kerja lainnya.

Generic Structure of Descriptive Text

Descriptive Text mempunyai aturan tersendiri mengenai strukturnya. Berikut ini adalah generic structure descriptive text:

1. Identification

Bagian ini, terletak pada paragraf pertama, tujuannya adalah untuk mengidentifikasi suatu objek yang ingin dideskripsikan. Indentification berfungsi untuk memperkenalkan kepada pembaca tentang objek yang akan kita jelaskan, sebelum kita memberitahu tentang lebih rinci mengenai objek tersebut pada paragraf selanjutnya.

2. Description

Bagian ini, terletak pada paragraf kedua dan seterusnya, berisi tentang sifat-sifat yang melekat pada sesuatu yang sudah kamu kenalkan pada pembaca pada paragraf pertama

Purpose of Descriptive text

– To describe person, thing or place in specific
– To describe a particular person, thing or place.

Language Feature of Descriptive Text

– Specific participant : has a certain object, is not common and unique (only one). for example: Bandengan beach, my house, Borobudur temple, uncle Jim
– The use of the adjective (an adjective) to clarify the noun, for example: a beautiful beach, a handsome man, the famous place in jepara, etc.
– The use of simple present tense: The sentence pattern used is simple present because it tells the fact of the object described.
– Action verb: verbs that show an activity (for example, run, sleep, walk, cut etc….

Example Descriptive Text – My Favorite Teacher

My favorite teacher is my history teacher, and he is by far the best teacher that I have ever had. He has the ability to make a subject that many students find incredibly boring come to life through his enthusiasm and passion for history, and his love of being a teacher. Going to his lessons is something we look forward to, not dread, like we do with most other lessons.

It’s ever so funny to watch him get excited about something, which happens in every lesson. It’s easy to know that he’s getting excited because he begins bouncing up and down slightly in a way that no other sixty-something year old would ever managed without looking completely ridiculous. He has this dark (with more and more grey streaks these days), springy hair that lines the edge of his growing bald patch, and the hair bounces up and down with him like thousands of tiny little springs. Then, he takes on his whole new persona, often going into role and becoming the character or figure he is talking about, doing the voices, the actions, and parading up and down the room gesticulating wildly, but all the while there’s a gentle ‘bounce, bounce, bounce’, as though the springs are not just on his head but on the soles of his shoes too.

A teacher that doesn’t take himself too seriously always will be a big hit with teenagers, although he’s not afraid to impose his authority if he has to. I’ve only ever heard him properly shout once (although thankfully it wasn’t it me), but it isn’t an experience that I would like to repeat. When he lost it, the room suddenly became more silent than I’d ever known it to be before. We all sat slightly paralyzed, not even anting to breathe too loudly, because hearing such a jovial and jolly little man lose his temper was a huge shock. It certainly had the right kind of impact though, because he’s never needed to shout since.

It is actually this teacher that I have to thank for my love of history. In his lessons, history does not mean copying out of textbooks and writing pages and pages of notes. History is alive; history is something tangible, that you can see, hear and feel, and we can live it through dressing up and acting out scenes or taking trips to important places of historical interest. And although he’s getting on in years and may not be teaching for much longer, he will have an important place in history for many of his students, because there has never been a teacher able to bring a subject to life in quite the same way he does.

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Sumber :

“Descriptive Essay My Favorite Teacher” Scholaradvisor.com. 27 April 2015.